Most basic level of operations that Oracle performs. User and associated server process are on separate computers.
1. An instance has started on the computer running Oracle (a Host or database server)
2. A computer running an application ( a local computer or client workstation) runs the application in a user process. The client application attempts to establish a connection to the server using the proper Oracle Net Services driver.
3. The server is running the proper Oracle Net Services driver. The server detects the connection request from the application and creates a dedicated server process on behalf of the user process.
4. The user runs a SQL statement and commits the transaction.
5. The server process receives the statement and checks the shared pool for any shared SQL area that contains a similar SQL statement. If a shared SQL area is found, then the server process checks the user’s access privileges to the requested data, and the previously existing shared SQL area is used to process the statement. If not, then a new shared SQL area is allocated for the statement, so it can be parsed and processed.
6. The server process retrieves any necessary data values from the actual datafile (table) or those stored in the SGA.
7. The server process modifies data in the system global area. The DBWn process writes modified blocks permanently to the disk when doing so is efficient. Because the transaction is committed, the LGWR process immediately records the transaction in the redo log file.
8. If the transaction is successful, then the server process sends a message across the network to the application. If it is not successful, then an error message is transmitted.
9. Throughout this entire procedure, the other background processes run, watching the conditions that require intervention. The database server also manages other users’ transactions and prevents contention between transactions that request the same data.